Closed-loop anaesthesia delivery systems have revolutionized the field of anaesthesiology by integrating advanced technology and real-time patient monitoring. These systems automate the administration of anaesthesia, ensuring precise dosing and personalized care. In this article, we will delve into the functioning of closed-loop anaesthesia delivery systems, explore their advantages, and examine their impact on patient safety and clinical outcomes. Functioning of Closed Loop Anaesthesia Delivery Systems Closed-loop anaesthesia delivery systems operate on a continuous feedback mechanism that monitors a patient's vital signs and adjusts the anaesthetic dosage accordingly. The functioning of these systems can be summarized in three key steps: >...

Target-controlled infusion, or TCI, is a method of drug administration rapidly gaining popularity in the medical field. TCI involves using computerized systems to calculate and control the infusion rate of a drug to achieve a specific target concentration in the patient's bloodstream. The history and mechanics of TCI Enhancements in understanding the pharmacodynamics of opioids and anaesthetic drugs led to the development of TCI—a method of IV drug administration in the 1980s. Initially developed by Schüttler and Schwilden, TCI leverages sophisticated computer programs to predict the plasma concentration level at a given site and helps regulate the level of anaesthetic...